Abstract: This paper systematically explores the application of enzyme-induced calcium carbonate precipitation (EICP) technology in soil improvement, along with its associated ethical considerations. First, the fundamental principles of EICP are described, wherein urease catalyzes the hydrolysis of urea to produce calcium carbonate precipitates, thereby enhancing soil structure and stability. Next, the wide-ranging applications of EICP in soil reinforcement, foundation treatment, and pollution remediation are analyzed, highlighting its notable technical advantages such as environmental friendliness, low energy consumption, and operational simplicity. However, the technology also faces several challenges, including difficulties in reaction control, uncertainty regarding long-term effectiveness, and cost-related concerns. The paper further provides a comprehensive analysis of the ethical issues surrounding EICP from three perspectives: environmental ethics, social ethics, and economic ethics. From an environmental ethics perspective, the potential impacts of EICP on ecosystems and the broader environment, as well as its sustainability, are discussed. In terms of social ethics, the discussion emphasizes the social responsibilities involved in the promotion and application of the technology, along with the rights and interests of stakeholders. From an economic ethics standpoint, the paper conducts a cost-benefit analysis and examines issues of fairness in the application of the technology. Read More

Abstract: In the practice of oil and gas field development, the heterogeneity of reservoir physical properties, the dynamic changes of fluid properties, and the diversity of process measures constitute a complex development environment. This complexity makes the analysis of oil and gas production data highly dependent on the professional experience of petroleum scientists and engineers. Traditional analysis methods not only consume a lot of computing resources and time costs, but also are difficult to meet the needs of efficient development of modern oil and gas reservoirs. Therefore, it is urgent to explore more efficient production forecasting methods. In recent years, with the rise of machine learning technologies such as deep neural networks and random forest algorithms, with their significant advantages in high - dimensional data processing, time - series feature capture, and development data feature mining, they have achieved fruitful results in the field of oil and gas production forecasting. This paper systematically combs the evolution context of oil and gas production forecasting technology, elaborates the principles, advantages and disadvantages of mainstream machine learning methods, summarizes the application status of machine learning methods in the field of oil and gas production forecasting, analyzes the potential problems in the application process, and looks forward to the future development trend. The study points out that in the future, we should focus on promoting two technological breakthroughs: first, organically integrating the physical mechanism of the reservoir with the machine learning model to enhance the interpretability of the model and ensure the reliability of the prediction results; second, developing algorithms and transfer learning technologies suitable for small sample scenarios to deeply tap the value of historical production data and provide more accurate and efficient technical support for oil and gas production forecasting. Read More

Abstract: With the continuous development of the national economy, people's demand for using air conditioning systems to regulate thermal comfort in indoor buildings has been increasing, and related research is gradually deepening. However, there is still a lack of specific research on the thermal comfort of specific spaces such as bedrooms. According to research, humans spend about 80% of their lives indoors, so having good indoor conditions has become a key factor affecting the positive development of health, work, and learning efficiency [1]. In recent years, the use of numerical simulation software for numerical simulation analysis of indoor air conditioning to regulate thermal comfort and its application in solving practical engineering problems has gradually become a research hotspot. This method can quickly, efficiently, economically, and reliably simulate and predict indoor airflow distribution, providing safe, reliable, and comprehensive technical analysis results for relevant design departments. Due to the continuous advancement of computer technology and the deepening of research on indoor thermal comfort, the role of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation technology in enhancing thermal comfort and optimizing environmental design in building air conditioning system design will become increasingly significant. The main key factors affecting indoor thermal comfort include air temperature and humidity, wind speed, and thermal radiation. This paper will focus on regulating the temperature and airflow distribution of bedroom air conditioning systems and explore their impact on indoor comfort. Read More

Abstract: With the rapid advancement of bridge engineering, the construction of long-span cable-stayed bridges has surged, with China now hosting the majority of the world’s largest examples. However, issues such as cable corrosion, aging, and vulnerability to extreme events—including earthquakes—pose significant challenges. Among various natural hazards, earthquakes are particularly destructive, capable of causing widespread structural failure and triggering secondary disasters like landslides and liquefaction. In China, frequent seismic activity has repeatedly damaged vast regions, disrupted transportation networks, and hindered emergency response. As bridges serve as critical components of transportation lifelines, their seismic vulnerability can result in severe economic and humanitarian consequences. Therefore, enhancing the seismic resilience of bridge structures through targeted analysis and design measures is vital to ensuring structural safety and post-disaster accessibility. Read More

Abstract: The low permeability sandstone reservoir in Chang 6 member of Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin is one of the important oil-bearing strata in China, but its low permeability characteristics pose a great challenge to oil and gas exploitation. In this paper, the diagenetic evolution process and pore structure characteristics of low permeability sandstone reservoirs in Chang 6 member of Yanchang Formation are systematically analyzed, and the response mechanism between diagenesis and pore structure is discussed. The research results show that the sandstone reservoir in Chang 6 member has experienced complex diagenesis, including mechanical compaction, cementation and dissolution, which are intertwined and have a profound impact on the pore structure of the reservoir. Compaction makes particles closely arranged and reduces porosity; Cementation further blocks pores and throats, significantly reducing permeability; However, dissolution forms secondary pores by dissolving some minerals, which improves reservoir physical properties to some extent. In the process of diagenetic evolution, the pore types gradually changed from primary macropores to micropores and nanopores, and the pore throat structure showed the evolution characteristics of "fine granularity", which led to the decrease of reservoir permeability. In addition, dissolution has a double effect of "compensation-limitation". Although it can generate secondary pores to improve permeability, dissolution products often re-precipitate in the form of authigenic minerals, which inhibits the further expansion of pores. The study shows that the balance of "destruction-filling" dominated by compaction-cementation and the double effect of dissolution are the key factors leading to the low permeability characteristics of reservoirs. Read More

Abstract: Waterflood characteristic curves are essential tools for estimating recoverable reserves in oilfields, accurately representing the dynamics of waterflood development and providing reliable support for reserve evaluations. They offer significant guidance for optimizing development plans and improving resource utilization efficiency. This study focuses on the S block of the Yanchang Oilfield, utilizing production dynamic data from 128 wells. The research systematically applies Type A waterflood characteristic curves and calibrated Type A waterflood characteristic curves to estimate recoverable reserves and predict waterflood recovery factors. The results show that the dynamic geological reserves calculated using the Type A waterflood curve amount to 714.29×104 t, with technical recoverable reserves of 260.49×104 t and a recovery factor of 36.47%. The calibrated Type A waterflood curve (calibration coefficient C=17.10) yields dynamic geological reserves of 1875×104 t, technical recoverable reserves of 613.21×104 t, and a recovery factor of 32.70%. A comparison indicates significant differences in the results of the two methods, primarily due to the calibration curve's adjustment for non-ideal waterflood conditions, such as reservoir heterogeneity and early development data deviations. This study not only enriches the application of waterflood characteristic curves in oilfield development but also provides data support for dynamic evaluation and subsequent optimization of development plans for the S block of the Yanchang Oilfield. It offers valuable insights for the estimation of recoverable reserves in similar waterflood reservoirs. Read More

Abstract: CO₂ enhanced oil recovery (EOR) is a widely adopted and efficient method to improve oil recovery rates. Injecting CO₂ into a reservoir not only effectively sequesters CO₂ but also significantly enhances crude oil recovery. However, not all reservoirs are suitable for CO₂ injection, and reservoirs lacking appropriate conditions for CO₂ EOR may not yield better oil recovery results. Therefore, prior to reservoir development, an adaptability assessment for CO₂ EOR is essential. This paper uses grey relational analysis to calculate the grey relational degree and derive evaluation indicators, ranking the correlation and importance of crude oil recovery. After calculating the impact of various factors on oil recovery and the interrelationship between the indicators, evaluation criteria are selected to assess the adaptability of the reservoir for CO₂ EOR. A comprehensive evaluation of reservoir adaptability to CO₂ injection is conducted using cluster analysis, with applications to the Daqing and Jilin oil fields. The results demonstrate that the proposed method for indicator selection and the adaptability evaluation for CO₂ EOR is highly effective and reliable. The use of cluster analysis to evaluate the adaptability of CO₂ EOR in reservoirs can significantly enhance oil recovery, providing practical value. This method can be widely applied in actual reservoir development, offering theoretical guidance for field operations, and holds broad application prospects. Read More

Abstract: This study modeled a carbon-fiber sucker rod using a three-layer concentric finite-element design comprising a carbon fiber core, a glass fiber interlayer, and a high-modulus glass fiber outer layer to simulate axial fatigue behavior in ANSYS under bonded reverse cyclic axial loading. The rod’s midsection demonstrated exceptional fatigue performance, reaching 6.53 × 10⁷ cycles and a damage index of ten, highlighting carbon fiber’s lightweight nature and high reliability. At the load application end, severe stress concentration caused a significant reduction in fatigue life, making that region especially vulnerable to failure. Along the rod’s radius, the central zone experienced the lowest fatigue life of about 2.15 × 10⁶ cycles and the highest damage peak around 465.9, due to complex load paths combined with concentrated stress. Conversely, the outer edge region, where carbon fiber directly bore the load, exhibited fatigue life and damage characteristics similar to those of the midsection. The study identified material anisotropy and uneven stress distribution as primary factors contributing to increased fatigue risk at both the rod ends and the central core. These findings offer essential guidance for optimizing end-connection design and laminate lay-up, supporting reliable and lightweight applications of composite sucker rods in deep-well environments. Read More

Abstract: For the gob-side entry retaining of the 21311 auxiliary intake airway in Xiangshan Mine, a numerical calculation model for automatic entry formation through roof cutting and pressure relief in the fully-mechanized mining face of Xiangshan Mine was established using numerical simulation software. The model simulated the stress and displacement distribution characteristics of the surrounding rock when the roof-cutting height was 6 m and the slit angles were 0°, 5°, 10° and 15°. It also analyzed the impact of the roof-cutting angle on the pressure relief effect. The research results indicate that increasing the roof-cutting angle is conducive to pressure relief on the roadway roof, but the effect becomes less pronounced once the angle increases to a certain extent. Through numerical simulation, it was determined that when the reasonable roof-cutting height in Xiangshan Mine is 6 m, the reasonable roof-cutting angle is 10°. Read More

Abstract: With the acceleration of urbanization and people's pursuit of healthy lifestyles, the development and utilization of urban waterfront space has become more and more important, and ecological parks have also received more and more attention and attention. The research target of this article is the waterfront space located in Hongdao Street, Chengyang District, Qingdao City, Shandong Province, China. Based on the perspective of waterfront park transformation, the concept of "resilient landscape" is introduced to explore the design and implementation of sports ecological parks in urban waterfront spaces. Construction, in order to provide a multi-functional, sustainable public space to meet people's comprehensive fitness and leisure entertainment needs. The core issue is how to realize the comprehensive utilization and ecological restoration of waterfront space through river reconstruction and the design of sports ecological parks, so as to create a healthy and beautiful urban living space for people. It provides a reference for the construction of sponge cities in Qingdao and is of great significance to the construction of sponge cities and ecological civilization. Read More

Abstract: Urban renewal is often accompanied by changes in social groups and is an unstoppable economic law. Gentrification, as a development trend of urban renewal that appears along social classes, presents complexity, dynamism, and scale-shifting characteristics, and has become a global issue. Starting from gentrification at the planetary scale, this paper focuses on the geographical spatial imbalance caused by capital flows in the gentrification phenomenon. Through cross-scale comparison, it verifies that gentrification in urban renewal has global commonality and local characteristics, and comprehensively compares the differences between traditional gentrification and planetary gentrification. On the basis of looking forward to the development context of planetary gentrification theory, the characteristics of gentrification in the north and south, and the mechanism of action, it is believed that China's urban renewal should be combined with the political system and the special land property rights system, and pay attention to thinking about how to better avoid the negative effects of gentrification from the multi-dimensional geographical scales of global, national, regional, urban and rural areas. Read More

Abstract: As the climate crisis intensifies, achieving carbon neutrality has become a global consensus. Urban residential communities constitute a vital component of cities. The carbon sequestration function of residential community green space systems plays a significant role in reducing urban CO₂ levels. By combining a literature review and field investigation, this paper focuses on urban residential communities in Taigu District, Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province, China. These communities are categorized into three types based on factors such as green space area, plant cultivation and growth, and design. The analysis identifies negative impacts on carbon sequestration efficiency in terms of spatial layout, green landscape design, plant growth and maintenance, and plant configuration. A design approach integrating "vertical (roof-to-ground) and horizontal (planar) dimensions" and "ecology-technology-human participation" is proposed. This aims to achieve carbon sequestration increments across different community types, thereby reducing the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air. At the same time, landscape quality and residents' experience are also taken into account. This strategy provides a reference design methodology for areas with scarce green space resources and high carbon dioxide emissions. Read More

Abstract: In order to solve the problems of coal pillar retention and closure in the fully mechanized mining face, this paper takes the 208 fully mechanized mining face of Daning Coal Mine as the prototype, and studies the width of small coal pillars left in the goaf of the 208 fully mechanized mining face of Daning Coal Mine through a combination of theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. The minimum size of coal pillars in each section is about 2.8-5.0m; By using FLAC 3D numerical simulation software to simulate and analyze the numerical values of different coal pillar settings, it was finally concluded that setting a 6m coal pillar resulted in the most stable bearing structure of the roadway itself. Read More